Gazeta matematică 2021

Gazeta Matematică 6-7-8/2021

E:15990 (Cristina Vijdeluc și Mihai Vijdeluc)

Aflați numărul Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \overline{xyzt}= \overline{ab}\cdot\overline{ac}} , știind că ${\overline {a,b}}+{\overline {a,c}}=p^{2}$ și ${\overline {ab}}-{\overline {ac}}=q^{2}$, unde p și q sunt numere prime.

E:15991 (Cristina Vijdeluc și Mihai Vijdeluc, Baia Mare )

Aflați numerele naturale $n$ și ${\overline {abc}}$ pentru care ${\overline {abc}}\cdot n^{4}={\overline {3abc}}$.

E:15992 (Cristina Vijdeluc și Mihai Vijdeluc)

Aflați numerele naturale $x$ și ${\overline {abcd}}$ pentru care este adevărată relația $5[({\overline {ab}}+{\overline {cd}})({\overline {ad}}+{\overline {cb}})-1]=2022-3^{x}$.

Gazeta Matematică 10/2021

28163 (Dana Heuberger)

Aflați șirul de numere naturale nenule $(a_{n})_{n\geq 1}$ pentru care

$${\frac {1}{(1+a_{1})\cdot a_{a_{1}}}}+{\frac {1}{(1+a_{2})\cdot a_{a_{2}}}}+\ldots +{\frac {1}{(1+a_{n})\cdot a_{a_{n}}}}={\frac {n}{n+1}}$$

pentru orice $n\geq 1$.

Gazeta Matematică 11/2021

28203 (Dana Heuberger)

Fie $f:\mathbb {R} \longrightarrow \mathbb {R}$ o funcție cu proprietatea

${\mathcal {P}}:f(f(x)-e^{x})=e^{f(x)-e^{x}}+x$, pentru orice $x\in \mathbb {R} .$

1. Dați un exemplu de funcție cu proprietatea ${\mathcal {P}}$ care nu este monotonă.
2. Dați un exemplu de funcție cu proprietatea ${\mathcal {P}}$ care nu este continuă.
3. Fie $f$ o funcție care admite primitive și are proprietatea ${\mathcal {P}}$ . Arătați că, dacă $f(x)\geq e^{x}$, pentru orice $x\geq 0$, atunci Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle f} este surjectivă.

28206 (Dana Heuberger)

Fie Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \left(G,\cdot\right)} un grup cu elementul neutru Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle e} care conține subgrupurile proprii, distincte, finite Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle H_1} , Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle H_2} și Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle H_3} , astfel încât pentru orice permutare Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \sigma \in S_3} și orice Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle a \in H_{\sigma\left(1\right)} \setminus \left\{e\right\}} , Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle b \in H_{\sigma\left(2\right)} \setminus \left\{e\right\}} , rezutiă că Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle ab \in H_{\sigma\left(3\right)}} .

1. Arătați că subgrupurile Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle H_1} , Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle H_2} și Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle H_3} au același număr de elemente.
2. Dacă Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle G = H_1 \cup H_2 \cup H_3} , arătați că grupul Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle G} este de tip Klein.

Gazeta Matematică 12/2021

28208 (Dana Heuberger)

Considerăm pentagonul convex ABCDE înscris într-un cerc și Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle H_1, H_2, H_3, H_4, H_5} ortocentrele triunghiurilor Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle ACD} , Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle BDE} , Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle CEA} , Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle DAB} , respectiv Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle EBC} . Arătați că, dacă Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle H_1H_2 \parallel AB} , Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle H_2H_3 \parallel BC} , Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle H_3H_4 \parallel CD} și Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle H_4H_5 \parallel DE} , atunci Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle ABCDE} și Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle H_1H_2H_3H_4H_5} sunt pentagoane regulate.