28338: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 21:35, 17 November 2023

28338 (Nicolae Muşuroia)

Fie Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle M} un punct în planul triunghiului Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle ABC} iar Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle A_1, B_1, C_1} simetricele punctului Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle M} față de mijloacele laturilor Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle BC, AC,} respectiv Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle AB} .

a) Arătați că dreptele Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle AA_1, BB_1, CC_1} sunt concurente într-un punct Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle N} .

b) Arătați că punctele $M,G,N$ sunt coliniare și că ${\frac {MG}{GN}}$ $=2,$ unde $G$ este centrul de greutate al triunghiului $ABC$ .

Soluție:

a) Patrulaterele $ABA_{1}B_{1}$ și $BCB_{1}C_{1}$ sunt paralelograme, prin urmare diagonalele lor au același mijloc. Rezultă $AA_{1}$ $\cap$ $BB_{1}$ $\cap$ $CC_{1}$ $=$ $\{N\}$ .

b) Notăm afixele punctelor din problemă cu literele mici corespunzătoare. Cum $AMBC_{1}$ $,$ $AMCB_{1}$ și $BMCA_{1}$ sunt paralelograme, rezultă

                $a_{1}=b+c-m$  $,$                 $b_{1}=c+a-m,$                 $c_{1}=a+b-m$ .

În plus $,$ cum $N$ este mijlocul lui $AA_{1}$ $,$ rezultă că $n=$ ${\frac {a+a_{1}}{2}}$ $=$ ${\frac {a+b+c-m}{2}}$ .

Punctul $G$ este centrul de greutate al triunghiului $ABC,$ deci $g=$ ${\frac {a+b+c}{3}}$ .

Se verifică imediat că Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \frac{g-m}{n-g}} Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle = 2} Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \in} Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \reals} Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle ,} deci punctele Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle M, G} și Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle N} sunt coliniare și Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \frac{MG}{GN}} Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle =} Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \frac{g-m}{n-g}} Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle =} Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \frac{g-m}{n-g}} Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle =} Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle 2} .

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 b) Notăm afixele punctelor din problemă cu literele mici corespunzătoare. Cum <math>AMBC_1</math><math>,</math> <math>AMCB_1</math> și <math>BMCA_1</math> sunt paralelograme, rezultă
+                <math>a_1 = b + c - m</math><math>,</math>               <math>b_1 = c + a - m,</math>               <math>c_1 = a + b - m</math>.
-<math>a_1 = b + c - m</math><math>,</math>                                   <math>b_1 = c + a - m,</math>                                   <math>c_1 = a + b - m</math>.
 În plus<math>,</math> cum <math>N</math> este mijlocul lui <math>AA_1</math><math>,</math> rezultă că <math>n =</math> <math>\frac{a+a_1}{2}</math> <math>=</math> <math>\frac{a+b+c-m}{2}</math>.